ShePonders: Ruth the Moabite
Who are the Moabites in our community? Do we exhibit the hospitality of Naomi or the courage of Boaz toward them?
By Kelley Johnson-Nikondeha | Twitter: @kelljnik
I’ve always found Ruth to be a lovely person–kind, gentle and good to her mother-in-law. I just never found her to be very compelling. From time to time I have read commentaries on the Book of Ruth in an attempt to connect with her–after all, we are part of the sisterhood. But still, this story failed to captivate me even a little bit. Until I came across a new lens which reframed the narrative for me.[i]
What if Ruth is not just a beautiful story, but a parable meant to challenge the way we think?
Rebuilding
When the story of Ruth was first told, Israel was just hobbling back from the destruction of the temple and exile in Babylon. The Persians, after conquering Babylon, decided to send the Israelites back to their homeland in the hope that they would stimulate that local economy and increase the tax base for the Persian Empire. So, under the leadership of Ezra and Nehemiah, the restoration began–rebuilding the temple in Jerusalem and redefining what it meant to be a good Jew. What the Jewish community craved in the aftermath of national tragedy was certainty about their geography and clarity about their identity.
Now returning to the pages of Ruth, we notice something quite curious. There is a steady drumbeat; a word repeated so often that no self-respecting Jew could miss it: Moab/Moabite. The writer of this story does not let us ever forget that the story began in Moab; it crossed the Jordan into Israel with a Moabite in tow. As a matter of fact, the writer refers to Ruth the Moabite in each of the four chapters of the book. Again, we are not allowed to forget that the protagonist of the story is a Moabite woman. If you were Jewish at the time of the temple rebuilding, this would leave a rather bitter taste in your mouth. It is a lovely story, but why all the mentions of Moabites?
In their hunger for defining their new place in the world, the Jewish thought leaders of the day made one thing very clear: No Moabites allowed.
According to Deuteronomy Moabites were not allowed in the assembly of the Lord, not allowed to ever convert to Judaism. According to both Ezra and Nehemiah, no Israelite was allowed to marry a Moabite. There was to be no hint of Moabite blood in the new Israelite lineage and no trace of them in the temple. Moabites were the clear enemy during this time of history, and Israelites were making a clear line of demarcation that they were not allowed in.
So, you can see why Ruth the Moabite created a bit of awkwardness as they read this lovely story. But the real sting came at the end of the story, saying “They named him (Ruth’s son) Obed; he became the father of Jesse, the father of David.” And again (for emphasis) the closing line is a mention of Boaz the father of Obed, Obed the father of Jesse and Jesse the father of David. Period. What a Jewish reader would have immediately heard, loud as a fire alarm, is that King David–the ultimate Israelite and most revered king–had Ruth the Moabite as his great grandmother. The primer Jew has Moabite blood running through his veins.
What does a good Jew during the Persian Restoration do with this story?
- Moabites were persona non grata in Israel–and yet: Moabites are part of the bloodline of King David.
- Moabites represent all the hostility to our ancestors–and yet: Moabites gave us the genes of a King.
- Moabites are bad, impure, pagan–and yet: this Moabite woman is loyal, hard-working and humble.
Amid the angry rhetoric about the unclean, never-to-be-converted-or-forgiven Moabites, comes this story that raises soul-searching questions. If there was no Ruth the Moabite, then there would be no King David. So, is intermarriage to a Moabite really the zenith sin? If King David, so passionate in his worship of God, has Moabite blood then can other Moabites worship with such abandon too? If Ruth the Moabite was such a good woman, then might there be others like her in Moab? The story of Ruth becomes a challenging parable within the biblical story itself about how we encounter “the other” or “the enemy” as we seek to worship God with greater purity. It forced the Jews then (and us now) to ask hard questions about radical inclusivity of every “other” in our world.
Closer
Sometimes we cross paths with Ruth the Moabite in our community. It happens when we listen to a story that upends our personal, inherited or cultural prejudices. When you think all the people on welfare are lazy–and then you meet a woman who gets food stamps, but works 12 hours a day cleaning homes to provide for her family and make her mortgage payment. When you think any woman wearing a hijab supports violent jihad–and then you befriend a Middle Eastern woman who shares about her hunger for peace in Jerusalem and desire to see her sons contribute something beautiful to the world. Or you think all homosexuals are hedonistic and bent–until you have conversations late into the night about theology, the wild ways of Jesus and the joy of fidelity with a woman married (to another woman).
Meeting Ruth the Moabite and listening to her can redefine how we think of “the other” and compel us to ask good soul-shaping questions.
As we read the Book of Ruth we would do well to heed the story’s challenge and consider the Moabites in our community. Who are they? How do we treat them? Do we exhibit the hospitality of Naomi or the courage of Boaz toward them?
And one last challenge Ruth the Moabite has left with me: Can I envelop those radically different from myself into my very story? King David had a bit of Israel and a bit of Moab in him, embracing enemies in his very flesh. Can I let “the other” that close–that deep? Can I recognize “the other” that is present in me? Richard Rohr wrote a book entitled “Everything Belongs.” The title really says it all. But I have been wondering today–can everything, and everyone truly belong? Can I embrace opposites and others, seeing that they are within me and make me who I am meant to be in this world?
Now I find Ruth the Moabite to be a stunning story that compels me to think in new directions.
So, my SheLoves friends:
- What has the story of Ruth meant to you?
- Who are the Moabites in your neighborhood?
- Any other thoughts or comments?
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AUDIO:<<< ShePonders: Ruth the Moabite>>>
Click on the link above for an audio experience of Kelley’s post.
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[i] ‘The Power of Parable: How Fiction by Jesus Became Fiction about Jesus“ by John Dominic Crossan
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About Kelley:
Kelley Johnson Nikondeha is co-director of Amahoro Africa and international staff member of Community of Faith with her husband Claude. She’s a thinker, connector, advocate, avid reader and mother of two beautiful children. Kelley lives between Arizona and Burundi. She loves handwritten letters, homemade pesto and anything written by Walter Brueggemann.


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On the eve of Ash Wednesday, many of the faithful turn their thoughts to fasting. “What should I fast for the forty days of Lent?” However, I imagine other questions circulating like: “What is the purpose of fasting? Does fasting even work?”
God does not require a ritual fast, He asks for us to be good neighbors. We are not able to substitute a forty-day fast for daily habits of justice. So fasting does not work as a gimmick to garner God’s attention. We know that He is near to the broken-hearted and so when we draw near to them as well, we are all closer to Him as we move toward justice, abundance and goodness in the neighborhood.
We become known as “the fixers” who can come in and set things right and get things done! We know how to take the old and repurpose it, to refurbish the run-down homes and renovate (dare we say innovate) schools. We become those who carry God’s potential for newness into the neighborhood, transforming it into a livable community. Lives and landscapes transformed by neighborliness … this is what God had in mind all along.




















